The rule against the use of evidence about liability insurance on the issue of negligence or wrongful conduct applies to evidence about the insurance status of plaintiffs and claimants as well as the insurance status of defendants and alleged wrongdoers.

Cf. United States v. Gwathney, 465 F.3d 1133, 1140-1142 (10th Cir. 2006) (holding that the trial court erroneously admitted Western Union's response to the DEA's subpoena as a business record exception because the proper foundation....There is a hearsay exception for a memorandum, report, record, or data compilation, in any form, of acts, events, conditions, opinions, or diagnoses, made at or near the time by, or from information transmitted by, a person with knowledge, if kept in the course of a regularly conducted activity of a business, institution, association, profession, occupation, or calling if it was the regular practice of that business, institution, association, profession, occupation, or calling to make the memorandum, report, record or data compilation, unless the source of information or the method or circumstances of preparation indicate lack of trustworthiness.

Fed. R. Evid. 404(a)(2) ("In a criminal case, and subject to the limitations imposed by Rule 412, evidence of a pertinent trait of character of the alleged victim of the crime offered by an accused" is admissible.).In a criminal trial accused may offer a pertinent character trait of a victim to show the victim's conduct on a particular occasion; i.e., accused may use victim's character "circumstantially," as "circumstantial" evidence of victim's conduct on a specific occasion.

Threadgill v. Armstrong World Industries, Inc., 928 F.2d 1366, 1375 (3d Cir. 1991) (holding, in plaintiffs widow and children's action against defendants for asbestos-related negligence, that the trial court erroneously excluded into evidence....Federal Rule of Evidence 803(16) and comparable State rules create a hearsay exception for statements in an authenticated document that is more than a certain number of years old, typically twenty years.