Rape shield laws frequently make it impermissible -- sometimes in trials of civil actions as well as in criminal trials -- to introduce evidence either to show that an alleged victim of sexual wrongdoing engaged in other sexual behavior or to show the alleged victim's sexual predisposition.

Fed. R. Evid. 105 ("When evidence which is admissible as to one party or for one purpose but not admissible as to another party or for another purpose is admitted, the court, upon request, shall restrict the evidence to its proper scope and instruct the jury accordingly.").If some human utterance has legal significance under applicable substantive law and the utterance is offered to establish that a verbal act having such legal significance has taken place, the utterance is not hearsay under Federal Rule of Evidence 801(c) or a "statement" for purposes of Federal Rule of Evidence 801(a)(2) even if the utterance also contains an assertion or appears to contain an an assertion.

Fed. R. Evid. 703 ("[f]acts or data that are otherwise inadmissible" ordinarily "shall not be disclosed to the jury by the proponent of the opinion or inference").Although an expert witness may rely on inadmissible evidence such as hearsay as the basis of his or her expert opinion and testimony, any such hearsay (or other inadmissible evidence) should not be disclosed to the jury unless the trial court determines that the probative value of such hearsay (or other inadmissible evidence) in assisting the jury to evaluate the expert's opinion substantially outweighs the prejudicial effect of disclosing such hearsay (or other inadmissible evidence) to the jury.

United States v. Cash, 394 F.3d 560, 564 (7th Cir. 2005) (upholding trial court's admission of federal employee's testimony [wherein the witness read directly from the Form 119 reports] as an exception to the hearsay....Federal Rule of Evidence 803(5) or a comparable State rule creates a hearsay exception for a memorandum or record concerning a matter about which a witness once had knowledge but now has insufficient recollection to enable the witness to testify fully and accurately, shown to have been made or adopted by the witness when the matter was fresh in the witness' memory and to reflect that knowledge correctly.