Hearsay evidence is inadmissible.

United States v. Kaden, 819 F.2d 813, 818 (7th Cir. 1987) (upholding trial court's admission of statements of lounge owner/manager during the taped conversations with his girlfriend because "the statements were made....The co-conspirator exemption from the hearsay rule applies only if the trial court concludes that a preponderance of of the evidence shows that the statement of the alleged co-conspirator was made during the conspiracy rather than before or after the conspiracy.

Evans v. Verdini, 466 F.3d 141, pin? (1st Cir. 2006) (district court denied petition for habeas corpus of a prisoner convicted for first-degree murder and sentenced to life in prison; defendant argued that district court's denial of his right to impeach Hawkins impaired his...The exclusion of exculpatory evidence in a criminal trial does not violate the due constitutional right to present a defense if the grounds for exclusion are not arbitrary or disproportionate.

Olden v. Kentucky, 488 U.S. 227, pin? (1988) (charge: forcible sodomy, defense: consent; at trial, accused, Olden, sought to show that alleged victim, Matthews, a female, was involved in an extramarital relationship with accused's half brother Russell, and that she concocted...The Confrontation Clause of the Sixth Amendment to the U.S. Constitution gives a defendant a constitutional right in both federal and state criminal trials to conduct a reasonable cross-examination of an adverse witness and to inquire on cross-examination into facts that might, in the mind of a reasonable jury, show the bias of the witness.