Authentication of tangible things, writings, records, and other matters and processes

Radloff v. City of Oelwein, Iowa, 380 F.3d 344, 349 (8th Cir. 2004) (holding, in plaintiff arrestee's action against defendant police officers for unreasonable search and entry, that the trial court properly admitted....Document must have been prepared in the normal course of business.

United States v. Perry, 857 F.2d 1346, 1351-1352 (9th Cir. 1988) (upholding trial court's admission of a bankruptcy court's determination [that certain transfers of property to defendant's relatives were fraudulent....There is a hearsay exception for public records of documents affecting an interest in property.

Trammel v. United States, 445 U.S. 40, pin? (1980).The testifying spouse, not the accused spouse, is the holder of the marital testimony privilege, the adverse spousal testimony privilege.