Particular nonconstitutional privileges: particular nonconstitutional legal rules allowing or requiring witnesses not to testify in certain kinds of trials or proceedings or allowing or requiring witnesses in trials or proceedings not to disclose information about certain types of matters

United States v. Boone, 229 F.3d 1231, 1232-1234 (9th Cir. 2000) (upholding trial court's admission into evidence of the out-of-court statements of defendant's girlfriend as statements against interest because "the....A statement that exposes a declarant (other than the defendant) to criminal liability is admissible under the hearsay exception for statements against interest to exculpate a criminal defendant only if corroborating circumstances show that the statement is trustworthy.

United States v. Schreane, 331 F.3d 548, 563-565 (6th Cir. 2003) (upholding trial court's ruling which allowed Officer Topping's testimony [about Duckett's statement during the stop] as an excited utterance because "Officer....A statement falls within the hearsay exception provided by Federal Rule of Evidence 803(2) only if the statement is related to a startling event or condition.

United States v. Arredondo, 349 F.3d 310, 315 (6th Cir. 2003) (reversing contempt conviction because, even though Plachta's habit testimony was admissible to show that he acted in conformity with that habit, defendant's "testimony about Plachta's failure to convey the first plea offer certainly was not...The habit of a natural person is admissible to show the person's conduct on a particular occasion.