Inferences based on inferences are permissible

United States v. Williams, 989 F.2d 1061, 1068 (9th Cir. 1993) (upholding trial court's admission of witnesses' testimony [recounting statements made by defendant Williams and deceased adopted son, Mark Reitler concerning....If a statement is offered against a criminal defendant, it is uncertain whether the statement qualifies as a statement against interest for purposes of the federal hearsay exception for statements against interest only if there is corroborating evidence of the trustworthiness of the statement.

Fed. R. Evid. 804(b)(1) advisory committee's note ("As a further assurance of fairness in thrusting upon a party the prior handling of the witness, the common law also insisted upon identity of parties, deviating only to the extent of allowing substitution of successors in a narrowly construed privity. Mutuality as an aspect of identity is...The hearsay exception for prior testimony can apply in a criminal trial or proceeding against a defendant even if the prosecuting party and offeror in the prior trial or proceeding was a different party and offeror (e.g., a different governmental unit).

See United States v. Cohen, 888 F.2d 770, 777 (11th Cir. 1989) ("In this case, the defense sought to show that the government's witness was capable of concocting and managing the fraudulent scheme without the (defendant's) participation. Faw was the government's primary witness to the extent of...The prohibition against circumstantial character evidence -- the prohibition, codified in Federal Rule of Evidence 404, against the use of a person's character to show that person's conduct -- does not apply to non-parties.