Circumstantial evidence is not an inferior grade of evidence: it can be as strong as (or stronger than) any other kind of evidence, including eyewitness evidence, physical evidence, or scientific evidence.

Cf. Rowland v. American General Finance, Inc., 340 F.3d 187, 194-195 (4th Cir. 2003) (holding, in plaintiff employee's sexual discrimination action against defendant employer, that the trial court erroneously admitted the Terry complaint letter....Document must have been prepared in the normal course of business.

United States v. Kappell, 418 F.3d 550, 556 (6th Cir. 2005) (upholding trial court's admission of testimony by a licensed psychotherapist about the victims' statements because statements made to a psychotherapist, even....Federal Rule of Evidence 803(4) or a comparable State rule creates a hearsay exception for a statement made for the purpose of medical diagnosis or treatment.

United States v. Robinson, 161 F.3d 463, 467-468 (7th Cir. 1998) (upholding trial court's admission into evidence of the April 18 armed bank robbery where such evidence demonstrated the similarities between the manner in which the armed bank robberies were carried out, thus proving identity by...If another crime or wrong is offered under the second sentence of Federal Rule of Evidence 404(b) to show the identity of an actor, wrongdoer, or defendant (e.g., to show that a criminal defendant rather than someone else committed the crime for which defendant is on trial), the other crime or wrong and the act, wrong, or crime at issue at trial must have been committed in a distinctive as well as similar fashion.