Although the Sixth Amendment right of confrontation is a constraint on the admissibility of inculpatory evidence against a defendant at a criminal trial, the Confrontation Right also guarantees a criminal defendant some means for confronting, challenging, and cross-examining witnesses who testify against him and her. The Sixth Amendment's Confrontation Clause confers on a criminal defendant the right to elicit from an important adverse witness facts -- particularly facts that suggest bias and interest -- that are likely to be significantly probative of the credibility of the testimony of the adverse witness about material facts in issue.

See United States v. Harvey, 117 F.3d 1044, 1049 (7th Cir. 1997) (upholding trial court's admission into evidence of the notebooks and other papers found at the campsite because they were statements made by a party-opponent....If a statement is made by a party and the statement is offered against the party that made the statement, the federal law of evidence characterizes such a statement as non-hearsay and exempts it from the hearsay prohibition found in Federal Rule of Evidence 802 or a comparable State rule even though the exempted statement otherwise satisfies the definition of hearsay given in Rule 801(c) or a comparable State rule.

Tavares v. Michigan Fishing, Inc., 937 F. Supp. 84, 86 (D. Mass. 1996) (holding, in plaintiff injured fisherman's action against defendant vessel owner for damages due to vessel's unseaworthiness, that plaintiff counsel's....Evidence of the existence or non-existence of liability insurance is not admissible on the issue of negligence or wrongful conduct.

United States v. Watson, 525 F.3d 583, 587-588 (7th Cir. 2008) (upholding trial court's admission into evidence of a secret tape recording of the co-defendant as statement against his penal interest because the statements....Federal Rule of Evidence of Evidence 804(b)(3) or a comparable State rule creates a hearsay exception for a statement which was at the time of its making so far contrary to the declarant's pecuniary or proprietary interest, or so far tended to subject the declarant to civil or criminal liability, or to render invalid a claim by the declarant against another, that a reasonable person in the declarant's position would not have made the statement unless believing it to be true. A statement tending to expose the declarant to criminal liability and offered to exculpate the accused is not admissible unless corroborating circumstances clearly indicate the trustworthiness of the statement.